مهندسی سیستم و بهره‌وری

مهندسی سیستم و بهره‌وری

تحلیل و بهبود مدیریت خدمات اورژانس بیمارستان با رویکرد روش‌شناسی سیستم‌های نرم (موردمطالعه: خدمات اورژانس بیمارستان کوثر سمنان)

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 نویسنده مسئول: استاد، دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و علوم اداری، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران
2 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و علوم اداری، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران
چکیده
در محیط‌های پیچیده، پرفشار و چندلایه‌ای مانند اورژانس بیمارستان، ناکارآمدی سیستم نه صرفاً ناشی از کمبود منابع، بلکه نتیجه‌ی برهم‌کنش ناهماهنگ مؤلفه‌های انسانی، ساختاری، ارتباطی و اطلاعاتی است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تحلیل موقعیت مسئله‌زا در بخش اورژانس و طراحی تغییر مطلوب، از روش‌شناسی سیستم‌های نرم به‌عنوان یک رویکرد تفسیری، مشارکتی و انسان‌محور بهره گرفته است. در این مطالعه، مراحل هفت‌گانه روش‌شناسی سیستم‌های نرم از شناخت وضع موجود و ترسیم تصویر گویا تا تعریف سیستم ریشه‌ای، طراحی مدل مفهومی، تحلیل شکاف‌ها و شناسایی تغییرات مطلوب و امکان‌پذیر به‌صورت کامل اجرا شد. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان دادند که اصلی‌ترین گره‌های عملکردی اورژانس شامل: نبود بستر گفت‌وگو و انعکاس تجربیات، ساختار غیرشفاف و تقسیم وظایف نامشخص، طولانی بودن فرآیند تصمیم‌گیری و بوروکراسی اداری، بی‌اعتمادی به اطلاعات ثبت‌شده و دوباره‌کاری، نبود کانال شفاف جهت یادگیری سازمانی، فقدان نظام پاداش مبتنی بر عملکرد و عدم معناداری داده‌ها برای ذی‌نفعان هستند. در پاسخ به این چالش‌ها، هفت پیشنهاد مداخله شامل: طراحی ساختار برگزاری جلسات، بازطراحی مسیر پذیرش، تدوین شفاف نقش‌ها و وظایف، طراحی بسته‌های آموزشی، بازبینی و اصلاح فرم‌های الکترونیکی مستندسازی، راه‌اندازی ایستگاه‌های بازخورد سریع و طراحی و استقرار شاخص‌های عملکرد بومی ارائه شد. این مدل نه‌تنها نظری و قابل‌تعمیم، بلکه برآمده از بافت سازمانی واقعی و قابل پیاده‌سازی در میدان عمل است. درمجموع، نتایج نشان می‌دهند که رویکردهای سنتی حل مسئله، بدون توجه به درک انسانی و تعاملات سیستمی، در سازمان‌های سلامت‌محور با شکست مواجه شده است؛ و تنها از مسیر مشارکت، گفت‌وگو و بازتعریف مشترک مسئله، می‌توان به تغییراتی پایدار و اثربخش دست یافت.

تازه های تحقیق

  • فرآیند یادگیری در عمل مبتنی بر روش‌شناسی سیستم‌های نرم
  • درک و تعریف مشارکتی مسئله
  • طراحی مدل سیستم ایده‌آل مدیریت خدمات اورژانس موردتوافق نسبی در بیمارستان کوثر سمنان

کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Analysis and Improvement of Hospital Emergency Service Management Using the Soft Systems Methodology (Case Study: Emergency Services of Kosar Hospital, Semnan)

نویسندگان English

Azim Zarei 1
Mehdi Ebrahimi 2
1 Corresponding author: Professor, Faculty of Economics, Management and Administrative Sciences, University of Semnan, Semnan, Iran
2 Ph.D. Student, Faculty of Economics, Management and Administrative Sciences, University of Semnan, Semnan, Iran
چکیده English

In complex, high-pressure, and multi-layered environments such as hospital emergency departments, system inefficiency is not simply due to a lack of resources, but rather the result of the uncoordinated interaction of human, structural, communication, and information components. The present study, with the aim of analyzing the problematic situation in the emergency department and designing the desired change, has used the soft systems methodology as an interpretive, participatory, and human-centered approach. In this study, the seven stages of SSM were fully implemented, from recognizing the current situation and drawing a rich picture, to defining the root system, designing a conceptual model, analyzing gaps, and identifying desirable and feasible changes. The research findings showed that the main functional nodes of the emergency department include: lack of a platform for dialogue and reflection of experiences, opaque structure and unclear division of duties, lengthy decision-making process and administrative bureaucracy, distrust of recorded information and rework, lack of a transparent channel for organizational learning, lack of a performance-based reward system, and lack of meaningfulness of data for stakeholders. In response to these challenges, seven intervention proposals were presented, including: designing the meeting structure, redesigning the admissions process, clearly defining roles and responsibilities, designing training packages, reviewing and modifying electronic documentation forms, setting up rapid feedback stations, and designing and deploying local performance indicators. This model is not only theoretical and generalizable, but also derived from a real organizational context and can be implemented in the field. Overall, the results show that traditional problem-solving approaches, without considering human understanding and systemic interactions, have failed in health-oriented organizations; and only through participation, dialogue, and joint redefinition of the problem can sustainable and effective changes be achieved.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Emergency
System Analysis
Soft Systems Methodology
Soft Operations Research
Human participation

Copyright © Azim Zarei, Mehdi Ebrahimi

 

License

This article is released under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone is free to copy, share, translate, and adapt this article for any purpose, whether commercial or non-commercial, as long as proper citation is given to the authors and original publication.

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