مهندسی سیستم و بهره‌وری

مهندسی سیستم و بهره‌وری

اثر عوامل انگیزشی بر بهره‌وری و عملکرد تحصیلی دانشجویان با نقش تعدیل‌گر سال ورود به دانشگاه (موردمطالعه: دانشکده دندانپزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران)

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 نویسنده مسئول: استادیار، وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری، تهران، ایران
2 استادیار، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه علم و فرهنگ، تهران، ایرا
3 کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه علم و فرهنگ، تهران، ایران
چکیده
با وجود اهمیت بالای انگیزش در ارتقای عملکرد و بهره‌وری تحصیلی دانشجویان، هنوز مشخص نیست کدام عوامل انگیزشی بیشترین اثر را در این زمینه دارند. همچنین، نقش تفاوت‌های سال ورود به دانشگاه در شدت این اثرگذاری کمتر موردتوجه قرار گرفته است. تبیین این موضوع می‌تواند به سیاست‌گذاری‌های هدفمند برای بهبود سیستم آموزشی منجر شود. پژوهش حاضر باهدف اولویت‌بندی عوامل انگیزشی مؤثر در عملکرد و پیشرفت یا بهره‌وری تحصیلی دانشجویان دانشکده دندانپزشکی با در نظر گرفتن متغیر تعدیل‌گر سال ورود به دانشگاه تهران انجام شده است. این پژوهش ازنظر هدف کاربردی و ازنظر نحوه گردآوری اطلاعات، توصیفی از نوع پیمایشی و مقطعی است. جامعه آماری تحقیق حاضر را کلیه دانشجویان دانشکده دندانپزشکی دانشگاه تهران از سال 1394-1400 به تعداد 492 نفر تشکیل داده‌اند که از طریق جدول کرجسی و مورگان 216 نفر به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی طبقه‌ای به تفکیک سال ورود به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب‌شده‌اند. برای سنجش متغیرهای مدل تحقیق از پرسشنامه عملکرد تحصیلی فام و تیلور، عوامل انگیزشی و معدل دانشجویان استفاده شده است. تجزیه‌وتحلیل اطلاعات در دو سطح توصیفی و استنباطی (مدل معادلات ساختاری) انجام‌گرفته و با استفاده از نرم‌افزارهای SPSS24, SMARTPLS اجراشده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که انگیزه درونی، انگیزه بیرونی، سخت‌کوشی و نیاز به پیشرفت از عوامل اصلی مؤثر بر عملکرد و پیشرفت تحصیلی دانشجویان دندانپزشکی هستند. بااین‌حال، نقش سال ورود به دانشگاه تنها در رابطه انگیزه بیرونی و برخی جوانب انگیزه درونی با نتایج تحصیلی معنادار بود. بنابراین، برنامه‌های ارتقای انگیزش باید هم به نوع انگیزه و هم به ویژگی‌های دانشجویان توجه داشته باشند همچنین در تصمیم‌گیری‌های کلان دانشگاه برای بهبود عملکرد و افزایش بهره‌وری دانشجویان راهگشا خواهد بود.

تازه های تحقیق

  • برای سنجش متغیرهای مدل تحقیق از پرسشنامه عملکرد تحصیلی فام و تیلور، عوامل انگیزشی و معدل دانشجویان استفاده شده است.
  • تجزیه‌وتحلیل اطلاعات در دو سطح توصیفی و استنباطی (مدل معادلات ساختاری) انجام‌گرفته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

The Effect of Motivational Factors on Students' Productivity and Academic Performance with the Moderating Role of the Year of University Entry (Case Study: Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences)

نویسندگان English

Shahin Homayoun Arya 1
َAkbar Goldasteh 2
Somayeh Divisty 3
1 Corresponding author: Assistant Professor, Ministry of Science, Research, and Technology, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Humanities, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
3 M.Sc., Faculty of Humanities, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Despite the high importance of motivation in improving students' academic performance and productivity, it is still unclear which motivational factors have the greatest effect in this regard. Also, the role of differences in the year of entry to the university in the intensity of this effect has received less attention. Clarifying this issue can lead to targeted policies to improve the educational system. The present study was conducted with the aim of prioritizing the motivational factors effective in the performance and progress or academic productivity of students at the Faculty of Dentistry, considering the moderating variable of the year of entry to the University of Tehran. This study is a descriptive survey and cross-sectional study in terms of its applied purpose and in terms of the method of data collection. The statistical population of the present study consists of all students at the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Tehran, from 2015 to 2021, totaling 492 people, of whom 216 people were selected as samples by stratified random sampling method based on the Krejci and Morgan table. To measure the variables of the research model, the Pham and Taylor Academic Performance Questionnaire was used; Motivational factors and students' grade point average were used. Data analysis was performed at two levels, descriptive and inferential (structural equation model) and was implemented using SPSS24 and SMARTPLS software. The results show that intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, hard work, and the need for progress are the main factors affecting the performance and academic achievement of dental students. However, the role of the year of entering the university was only significant in the relationship between extrinsic motivation and some aspects of intrinsic motivation with academic results. Therefore, motivation improvement programs should pay attention to both the type of motivation and the characteristics of students, and it will also be helpful in the university's macro-decision-making to improve performance and increase student productivity.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Motivational factors
Academic performance
Academic productivity
Academic achievement of students
Dental students at the University of Tehran

Copyright © Shahin Homayoun Arya, Akbar Goldasteh, Somayeh Divisty

 

License

This article is released under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone is free to copy, share, translate, and adapt this article for any purpose, whether commercial or non-commercial, as long as proper citation is given to the authors and original publication.

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  • تاریخ دریافت 01 خرداد 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 02 تیر 1404
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