تدوین چارچوب مهارتی برای ارتقای قابلیت اشتغال‌پذیری دانشجویان مدیریت در محیط‌های کاری شرکت‌های نوپا و آزادکاری

نبی میبدی, مرتضی; عباسی میبدی, زهرا; مطیعی بهابادی, علی

doi:10.22034/sep.2026.2090179.1502

تدوین چارچوب مهارتی برای ارتقای قابلیت اشتغال‌پذیری دانشجویان مدیریت در محیط‌های کاری شرکت‌های نوپا و آزادکاری

مقالات آماده انتشار

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

مرتضی نبی میبدی

زهرا عباسی میبدی

علی مطیعی بهابادی

گروه مدیریت، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه میبد، میبد، ایران

10.22034/sep.2026.2090179.1502

چکیده

پرسش درباره مهارت‌های موردنیاز برای ورود به بازار کار و بهره‌گیری از فرصت‌های شغلی نوپدید، به‌ویژه در محیط‌های کاری شرکت‌های نوپا و آزادکاری، در سال‌های اخیر به یکی از دغدغه‌های مهم دانشجویان مدیریت تبدیل شده است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تدوین چارچوب مهارتی برای افزایش هم‌راستایی آموزش دانشگاهی با نیازهای بازار کار و بهبود قابلیت اشتغال‌پذیری دانشجویان مدیریت در محیط‌های کاری شرکت‌های نوپا و آزادکاری انجام شده است. این پژوهش با رویکرد کیفی و مبتنی بر تحلیل مضمون آتراید-استرلینگ اجرا شد. داده‌های پژوهش از سه منبع شامل ادبیات نظری، وب‌سایت‌های تخصصی حوزه شرکت‌های نوپا و آزادکاری، و دانشجویان رشته مدیریت دانشگاه میبد گردآوری شد. در بخش دانشجویی، داده‌ها از طریق پرسشنامه‌های حاوی پرسش‌های باز و بسته و همچنین مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساخت‌یافته جمع‌آوری شدند. نمونه پرسشنامه شامل دانشجویان ورودی‌های جدید رشته مدیریت بود که به روش در دسترس انتخاب شدند و مشارکت‌کنندگان مصاحبه نیز از میان دانشجویان دارای تجربه کاری و فعالیت در شرکت‌های نوپا و آزادکاری و به روش گلوله‌برفی انتخاب شدند. داده‌ها با استفاده از فرایند کدگذاری و تحلیل مضمون موردبررسی قرار گرفتند. یافته‌ها نشان داد که مهارت‌های موردنیاز دانشجویان برای فعالیت در محیط‌های شرکت‌های نوپا و آزادکاری در سه دسته اصلی مهارت‌های نرم، مهارت‌های سخت و مهارت‌های دیجیتال قابل‌طبقه‌بندی هستند. نتایج همچنین حاکی از آن است که ادبیات نظری بیشتر بر مهارت‌های نرم و شناختی تأکید دارد، درحالی‌که نیازهای بازار کار بر مهارت‌های سخت و دیجیتال متمرکز است و دانشجویان نیز اهمیت بیشتری برای مهارت‌های ابزاری و دیجیتال قائل هستند. بر این اساس، بازنگری در برنامه‌های آموزشی، تقویت آموزش‌های مهارت‌محور و تلفیق مهارت‌های دیجیتال با دانش تخصصی مدیریت می‌تواند زمینه تربیت دانش‌آموختگانی را فراهم سازد که از شایستگی‌های لازم برای فعالیت مؤثر در اقتصاد دیجیتال برخوردار باشند.

تازه های تحقیق

شکاف سه‌وجهی میان ادبیات نظری، بازار کار و برداشت دانشجویان از مهارت‌های موردنیاز.
استقلال مهارت‌های دیجیتال و ضرورت تسلط بر هوش مصنوعی و مدیریت شهرت آنلاین.
چرخش ذهنیت دانشجویان از مهارت‌های نرم به سمت مهارت‌های دیجیتال طی ۷ سال.
جایگزینی اعتماد داده‌محور و امتیازات الگوریتمی به‌جای معیارهای سنتی اعتماد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

چارچوب مهارتی

قابلیت اشتغال‌پذیری

شرکت‌های نوپا (استارت‌آپ‌ها)

آزادکاری (فریلنسینگ)

مهارت‌های نرم، سخت و دیجیتال

موضوعات

مدیریت آموزشی

عنوان مقاله English

Developing a Skills Framework for Enhancing Employability of Management Students in Startup and Freelancing Work Environments

نویسندگان English

Morteza Nabi-Meybodi

Zahra Abbasi Meybodi

Ali Motiei Bahabadi

Department of Management, Faculty of Humanities, Meybod University, Meybod, Iran

چکیده English

In recent years, the question of the skills required to enter the labor market and take advantage of emerging job opportunities, particularly in the work environments of startups and freelancing, has become one of the major concerns of management students. The present study was conducted with the aim of developing a skills framework to increase the alignment of university education with labor market needs and to enhance the employability of management students in the working environments of startup companies and freelancing. This research was carried out using a qualitative approach based on Attride-Stirling’s thematic analysis. The research data were collected from three sources: theoretical literature, specialized websites in the field of startups and freelancing, and management students at Meybod University. In the student section, data were gathered through questionnaires containing open- and closed-ended questions as well as semi-structured interviews. The questionnaire sample consisted of newly admitted management students selected through convenience sampling, while interview participants were selected from among students with work experience and activity in startups and freelancing using snowball sampling. The data were analyzed using the coding process and thematic analysis. The findings indicated that the skills required by students for working in startup companies and freelancing environments can be classified into three main categories: soft skills, hard skills, and digital skills. The results also showed that theoretical literature places greater emphasis on soft and cognitive skills, while labor market needs focus more on hard and digital skills, and students themselves attach greater importance to instrumental and digital skills. Accordingly, revising educational programs, strengthening skill-oriented training, and integrating digital skills with specialized management knowledge can create the grounds for educating graduates who possess the necessary competencies for effective performance in the digital economy.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Skills Framework

Employability

Startups

Freelancing

Soft, Hard, &‌‌‌‌‌ Digital Skills

Copyright © Morteza Nabi-Meybodi, Zahra Abbasi-Meybodi, Ali Motiei-Bahabadi

License

This article is released under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone is free to copy, share, translate, and adapt this article for any purpose, whether commercial or non-commercial, as long as proper citation is given to the authors and original publication.

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